These are volvo's instructions:
disconnect MAF, on the connector that attaches to the MAF:

(spring is on top)
with a multimeter
ignition: II, check terminal 3 & ground: 12V (battery)
NOT OK:
check connection between terminal 3 & main relay (2/32) connector 3. you should have continuity or ~ 0 Ohm.
OK:
ignition: 0, check terminal 4 & ground: 9-11 kOhm
LOW/HIGH:
check between terminal 4 and ECU pin #A4
OK:
reconnect MAF. ignition: II
check between ECU pins #A4, and #A5: .1 - .2 V
NOT OK:
replace MAF
OK:
clean MAF connectors with rust solvant / electronic cleaner
blow clean with compressed air
apply grease to female connectors
[plug & unplug connectors a few times]
MAF sensor signal at idle @ operating temperature (175F) should be .9 - 1V.
Do you have a K&N filter? oil residue from those filters tends to cover the MAF over time. Spraying the MAF with electronic cleaner could help.






