heavy smoke on acceleration 1982 244 24 D 70000 mi

[boo]

I'm getting extremely heavy sooty exhaust on acceleration, to the point that cars won't follow because they can't see. Have replaced air and fuel filters , tried running it with intake hose removed.No improvement.Car runs and starts great getting almost 28 mpg doesn't smoke at idle,or highway speed only when under load.

[billofdurham]

Black smoke from diesel engines can be caused by one or more of the following:

An air to fuel ratio imbalance, either the fuel system is delivering too much fuel into the engine or there is not enough clean air (oxygen) a few things to look for :

Faulty injectors (injectors need attention at about 100.000 to 120 000 miles), but can need attention earlier than this depending on how the engine has been looked after.
Faulty injector pump
Dirty air cleaner
Turbocharger or intercooler faulty
Problems within cylinder head, valves clogged up due to faulty EGR (exhaust gas recycling unit).

As you have replaced the air filter I think you may be looking at one or more injectors with problems.

Bill.